Sustainable Windows:

Wood, Aluminum or PVC?

Energy efficiency, security, and design are standard considerations when purchasing windows today. But those who think sustainably look beyond the surface – at the entire life cycle: Where do the materials come from? How energy-intensive is the manufacturing process? And what happens after decades of use?

It’s worth making an honest comparison: How do wood, aluminum, and PVC windows really perform when it comes to climate and resource conservation?

Wood – the classic from renewable sources

Wood is a natural building material that absorbs CO₂ as it grows – around 900 to 1000 kilograms per cubic meter. If sourced from certified, preferably regional forestry, it contributes positively to the climate balance.

Wood also performs well in processing: producing a wooden window emits comparatively little CO₂ – depending on the effort, around 70 to 100 kilograms. During its use phase, the material stands out for its reparability: surfaces can be sanded, seals replaced, and glass inserts renewed. This significantly extends its lifespan – with proper care, 40 to 60 years is realistic.

At the end of its use, wood can be thermally recycled or biodegraded – provided modern filter technology is used. This makes disposal environmentally friendly as well.

If you're aiming for natural materials with a low carbon footprint, wood is a solid choice

Aluminum – durable with potential, when recycled

Aluminum is one of the most abundant metals on Earth – but its extraction from bauxite is energy-intensive and leaves an environmental mark: deforestation, red mud, and high electricity consumption are typical in many mining regions. If only primary aluminum is used, up to 200 kilograms of CO₂ can be emitted during window production.

The picture changes drastically with recycled aluminum: energy consumption drops by up to 95 percent – a significant improvement in climate impact. Technically, the metal can be recycled almost indefinitely without loss of quality. Aluminum windows are robust, low-maintenance, and can easily last 50 years or more. However, corrosion protection is essential – especially in coastal areas or under harsh weather conditions.

Used appropriately, aluminum is a long-lasting material with real future potential – especially when the recycled content is high.

PVC windows – functional, but weak on climate performance

PVC windows are usually made from PVC, a material based on petroleum and chlorine. While production is less energy-intensive than aluminum, it’s considerably more harmful to the climate than wood – typically resulting in 120 to 160 kilograms of CO₂ per window.

In use, weaknesses become evident: while PVC is weather-resistant, it isn’t infinitely durable. UV light, stress cracks, or brittle seals shorten its lifespan – realistically, around 30 to 40 years. Repairs are possible but often not economically viable.

Recycling is technically feasible but complex. Frequently, the material is only repurposed into lower-grade products – a process known as downcycling.

PVC windows remain the most cost-effective solution – but ecologically, it’s a second choice. It works – but only from an economic, not environmental, standpoint.

Three materials, three paths – how climate-friendly are they really?

In terms of production, wood clearly takes the lead: with the lowest CO₂ emissions and a natural origin, it provides a strong foundation. Aluminum starts with high energy input – but with a high recycled content, it can catch up ecologically, especially given its longevity. PVC windows fall in the middle: attractive in price, but with a heavier climate toll due to raw materials, shorter lifespan, and recycling challenges.

If you’re planning long-term, your choice shouldn’t be based solely on looks or price. The key question is: How many resources are consumed – and how many can be recovered in the end?

Sustainable living starts with the window

Whether renovating an old building or constructing a new one – if you want to build in a climate-friendly way, choosing the right window material is a decision that matters. Wood impresses with its natural appeal and local availability. Aluminum is a smart choice when recycling plays a central role. And PVC windows? It works – just not ecologically.

Want to build sustainably without sacrificing style or quality? Then choose long-lasting materials with a low climate impact – we’re happy to advise you personally.

All Articles

←

→

Sustainable Windows:

Wood, Aluminum or PVC?

Wood – the classic from renewable sources

Aluminum – durable with potential, when recycled

Want to build sustainably without sacrificing style or quality? Then choose long-lasting materials with a low climate impact – we’re happy to advise you personally.

Share